Cultural Comparison Essay Topics

Cultural Comparison Essay TopicsIn today's educational market, many parents are choosing to use cultural comparison essay topics to help their children learn to speak and write Spanish. One of the main reasons is that it's a great way to expose children to an exciting new language. They are also not limited to learning just one language. By adding some tools to the Spanish curriculum, you can learn all three languages in a fun and enriching way.The best way to choose which cultural comparison essay topics to use for your child is to find out what she or he is already interested in. When researching this information, make sure to ask questions about the target culture, the current trends, the differences, the language types and even the history of the targeted language. The more information you can gather, the easier it will be to choose a variety of topics.Some parents are hesitant to choose cultural comparison essay topics because they are worried about their children's learning too much in one lesson. You should consider whether or not there is a lot of other time you will be spending on the topic, as well as whether or not you want your child to select her own topic. A culturally-based class is beneficial for the children to learn at their own pace, while making learning fun.A common method to choose essay topics is to ask your child about the topic at home. When you are not present, you can ask her where she's interested in going to in Spain and what she wants to do when she goes there. This will allow you to ask some questions and really get an idea of what she would like to know.A second way to choose topics that will work for your child is to ask him or her to come up with their own topics. This can be a good time to be creative and try out new topics. Make sure that you are comfortable with their topics, as they will be learning about your culture.One thing to keep in mind is that there are many different types of Spanish language learning materials. A lot of them are not focused on cultural topics, but instead contain grammar lessons and vocabulary lessons. If you are doing a full-time Spanish course, you might want to look for materials that provide students with a number of different learning tools in one package. This way, you can spend less time on reviewing vocabulary and grammar words and more time on fun and enriching activities.In conclusion, choosing Spanish essay topics will depend on your child's interests and wants. This can often be difficult to do, especially if you have very little information on your child. Just remember that you are giving your child the best possible opportunity to learn a new language by letting her select her own cultural essay topics.

Cmo emigrar legalmente a los Estados Unidos

Obtener una tarjeta de residencia permanente es el requisito imprescindible para emigrar legalmente a los Estados Unidos. Esa tarjeta tambià ©n se conoce como permiso de residencia o como green card.   Es cierto que se puede permanecer legalmente en Estados Unidos sin esa tarjeta, pero en otro estatus y siempre se tratarà ­a de una estancia temporal, aunque puede ser mà ¡s o menos larga. La tarjeta de residencia permite permanecer y trabajar de forma permanente en los Estados Unidos y puede ser, ademà ¡s, un puente hacia la adquisicià ³n de la ciudadanà ­a americana por naturalizacià ³n. En este artà ­culo se explican las formas de obtener la tarjeta de residencia y trà ¡mites especiales, cuà ¡les son los requisitos de que debe cumplir el solicitante, los tiempos de tramitacià ³n y, finalmente, cuà ¡les son los errores que pueden causar el problema de que la green card no sea aprobada. Cà ³mo se adquiere la tarjeta de residencia permanente Aproximadamente, cada aà ±o fiscal 1 millà ³n de personas extranjeras obtienen la tarjeta de residencia por uno de los numerosos caminos creados por la ley para sacar la green card. La mayorà ­a, aproximadamente 6 de cada 10, la obtienen por ser familiar de un ciudadano o de un residente permanente.   Las estadà ­sticas acreditan que en la mayorà ­a de los casos se necesita un patrocinador, es decir, un familiar o una empresa, esto à ºltimo para el caso de trabajadores. Sà ³lo en casos especiales no se necesita patrocinador. Por ejemplo, ciertos casos de trabajadores excepcionales con reconocimiento internacional por su trabajo, asilo, loterà ­a de visas de diversidad o visas de inmigrante de inversià ³n EB-5, cancelacià ³n de la orden de deportacià ³n dictada por un juez, etc. Lo importante de este apartado es entender que no es suficiente querer emigrar. Es necesario reunir los requisitos para poder iniciar uno de los caminos creado por las leyes migratorias.   Trà ¡mites para la tarjeta de residencia Los trà ¡mites son diferentes segà ºn el tipo de camino que cada persona sigue para obtener la green card. Por ejemplo, en las peticiones de familia el patrocinador debe enviar la peticià ³n, probar parentesco, acreditar medios econà ³micos para el sostenimiento de la persona patrocinada, etc. Por el contrario, si se trata de una peticià ³n por empresa se va a necesitar una aprobacià ³n previa por parte del Departamento de Trabajo. En el caso de que se trate de asilo, se necesita una decisià ³n afirmativa parte del Servicio de Inmigracià ³n y Ciudadanà ­a (USCIS, por sus siglas en inglà ©s) o de una corte migratorio.   Si se trata de la visa de diversidad, hay que aplicar en octubre por internet en la pà ¡gina del Departamento de Estado y ganar una loterà ­a que se celebra en mayo del aà ±o siguiente, etc. Es decir, los trà ¡mites son distintos segà ºn el camino que se emplee para la residencia. Requisitos que debe reunir el potencial migrante En la fase final de la tramitacià ³n de la green card el proceso puede pararse y la peticià ³n negarse si se considera que la persona es inadmisible.   Es cierto que dependiendo del camino para la green card, algunas de esas causas no se tienen en cuenta, por ejemplo, estancia ilegal en casos de green card por razones humanitarias como la visa U. Pero la regla general es que hay que mirar con lupa esas circunstancias, ver cuà ¡ndo no aplican, cuà ¡ndo es posible pedir un perdà ³n, cuà ¡ndo hay que simplemente esperar o cuà ¡ndo no se puede hacer nada. En otras palabras, hay que asesorarse con un abogado de inmigracià ³n. Ademà ¡s, en los casos en los que el problema surge por estancia ilegal en los Estados Unidos y se està ¡ en el paà ­s es conveniente entender cuà ¡ndo se puede ajustar el estatus a pesar de esa circunstancia y cuà ¡ndo no es posible y necesariamente hay que salir de USA para completar el proceso mediante un procedimiento consular. Esto es importante porque en el momento en que se sale de los Estados Unidos salta lo que se conoce como el castigo o penalidad de los 3 à ³Ã‚  10 aà ±os, que complica y mucho la obtencià ³n de la tarjeta. En otras palabras, si se tiene al menos una causa que convierte a la persona en inadmisible hay que asesorarse para ver cà ³mo aplica a las circunstancias personales de cada caso.   Duracià ³n de la tramitacià ³n Los tiempos de espera desde que se inicia el proceso de la peticià ³n al momento en que se aprueba y se obtiene la green card puede variar desde apenas 4 meses a mà ¡s de 20 aà ±os. En estos momentos los trà ¡mites mà ¡s rà ¡pidos son para los familiares inmediatos de ciudadanos, es decir, cà ³nyuges, padre, madre e hijos solteros menores de 21 aà ±os. Por otro lado, los mexicanos que son hijos casados de ciudadanos està ¡n teniendo una demora superior a los 22 aà ±os. Las demoras, particularmente en peticiones de familia, hay que tenerlas en cuenta, porque pueden ser mucho mà ¡s largas de lo que se cree. Errores que perjudican el proceso de obtencià ³n de la green card Entre todos los errores destacan los siguientes: - Mentir a un oficial migratorio o del consulado. Y lo cierto es que es frecuente que la mentira sea sobre cosas que no afectarà ­an a la obtencià ³n de la green card. Sin embargo, el mentir es considerado un fraude de ley que es causa de denegacià ³n de la residencia. - Quedarse ilegalmente en Estados Unidos cerrando el paso a muchas de las formas de obtencià ³n de la residencia (aunque no todas ya que en algunos casos sigue siendo posible). - Casarse como turista inmediatamente despuà ©s de ingresar a los Estados Unidos - Casarse con un novio distinto al que patrocinà ³ la visa K-1 Conclusià ³n Hay muchas formas de obtener la green card. Pero como dice el dicho, hay las que hay y no se puede inventar lo que no hay. Ademà ¡s, es importante entender los trà ¡mites, todo lo que se pide, dà ³nde surgen los problemas y cuà ¡les son los tiempos de demora para la forma especà ­fica que se utiliza para sacar la green card. Para finalizar, es de interà ©s tomar este test de respuesta mà ºltiples sobre cà ³mo sacar la green card y cà ³mo conservarla, ya que en asuntos migratorio el mejor consejo es estar informado para evitar los problemas. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

The Impact Of Privacy On Usage Trends For Social...

The rise of social media networks and web applications has amounted to a large amount of multimedia data being produced and communicated across the world. Although user awareness for risks associated with using these websites and applications is at an abysmally low levels as measured by an independent survey. The risks and challenges such as identity theft and disclosure of sensitive information should be properly addressed towards customers to avoid any potential loss of their private and personal information. The main purpose of this analysis is to understand and examine the effect of privacy issues in usage trends for Social Networking sites (SNS). Social issues in social media websites Using Social Networking sites is widely†¦show more content†¦They have next to no worry in regards to the weakness of their information content, which is disturbing marvel in approach of such incomprehensible measure of information accumulating by such sites Although they may seem to try t o understand the nuances of data security, but with too much data and too numerous friends, controlling an open page with authentic securitization parameters is alongside unusual parameters is next to impossible. The second problem is the security and privacy features provided by such websites are simply ill-equipped to handle medium-advanced Trojan attacks or sophisticated privacy hacks. While some critics have argued that privacy in social media websites cannot always be expected, as users are increasing their media presence by themselves in the public domain, while others argue that privacy in Social Networking sites must be made accountable. This is vital when users’ personal and private information are vulnerable to commercial exploitation by third parties without their prior consent or proper permission. Most common features provided by Social Networking site are public visibility of your data (which is default and available for everyone) or the private visibility option (to be available only for friends listed in your profile). However, Facebook is one of the

Current Research and Development of New Treatments

Question: Describe about the Current Research and Development of New Treatments? Answer: Critical appraisal of the role of the clinical pharmacist in management of Schizophrenia Schizophrenia is a complex, severe psychological disorder that approximately affects 1% of the overall world population. The disease is characterized by abnormal social behavior, which leads to failure in recognition (Haywood et al. 2011). Symptoms associated with the disease primarily include confused and inappropriate thinking, false beliefs, delusions and hallucinations with reduced social engagement and lack of expression. The primary method of treatment associated with the disease includes both psychosocial and pharmacotherapeutical interventions (Wheeler et al. 2012). Thus, the present essay will help in developing knowledge regarding various aspects of Schizophrenia, which primarily includes an understanding of the causes, developmental factors, symptoms, complications and interventions associated with the disease. Today, it has been observed that Schizophrenia is most common among all social groups around the world, affecting men and women equally (Richardson et al. 2014). Th e present essay will help in understanding the extended role of the pharmacist in providing proper recommendations in order to implement schizophrenia care in the community. Pharmaceutical care dealing with Schizophrenic patients, primarily includes elaboration of information regarding the use of drugs associated with the disease, the difficulties arising because of pharmacotherapeutical difficulties, monitoring of the adverse effects associated with the disease and regular screening of the medication process. The pharmacist plays a vital role in providing information regarding the patients condition through prescriptions to the primary health care provider, which includes the psychiatrist and the general practitioner. Thereby, the pharmacist helps to discover about the various complications associated with the disease, which includes an understanding of the present mental state of the patient, care, and treatment that needs to be provided to the patient (O'Reilly et al. 2013). The pharmacists also encourage the primary health care systems to initiate and encourage relevant patient information and indications regarding the relapse of the disease. The pha rmacists are considered as the last primary health care professionals who need to be consulted before implementing the long term medication process. Therefore, a well-educated and highly motivated pharmacist promotes the advantages of the therapeutic compliance in association with Schizophrenia. Approximately 1 % of the overall world population are affected by Schizophrenia that generally affects individual between the age group of 16 and 30 and thus produces a long-term effect associated with various kinds of chronic disorders. A report suggests that in the United States, about 1.2 million patients remain hospitalized because of Schizophrenia ((Richardson et al. 2012). Although a majority of the people generally is discharged within the first year of treatment, the average length of the disease is 13 years. Considering the various opinions on the nature, etiology and interventions of the disease, there are various conditions, which reflects the adaptation and integration of the more divergent findings. A psychiatrist defines schizophrenia as a structural defect of the brain that is influenced either by the hereditary factors or by other toxic factors leading to improper functioning of the cerebral. Studies suggest that a majority of the people considers schizophrenia as a s eries of familial incidence affected by a large number of environmental factors leading to accumulation of the metabolic dysfunctioning. Schizophrenia is considered as a life threatening condition that is associated with high mortality rates, which is three to four times greater than that has been observed or expected in the general population. The disease is also associated with high suicidal rate, which is found mostly among young adults. Thus, a delay in the treatment leads to a larger number of suicides and as a result, there is an overall increase in the suicide rate in relation to Schizophrenia However, reports suggests that approximately two-fourth of the excess mortality has been primarily caused by the natural deaths (Phokeo et al. 2014). The first line therapy for the particular mental disorder includes use of antipsychotic drugs associated with reducing the positive symptoms of the disease. However, it has been observed that the drugs are not being able to eradicate the negative and the cognitive symptoms. Continuous use of the drugs also enhances the risk of relapse. Moreover, the type or choice of antipsychotic drugs also plays a vital role, which is significantly based on the risks, costs and benefits of using such drugs (O'Reilly et al. 2010). Thus, important strategies need to be implemented for reducing the dependency on these kinds of drugs, which is not only costly but also associated with other greater side effects. The side effects include weight gain, development of diabetes and increased risk of the associated metabolic syndrome. The pharmacists association in understanding of the various aspects of Schizophrenia will help in interpreting about the background, symptoms, medication and diagnosis of the disease. Pharmacists helps in providing effective communication among the patient regarding the long-term complications associated with the disease. A clear idea regarding the genetic and environmental factors playing a key role in the development of the disease will also help in implementation of effective strategies to place implications regarding the development and maintenance of schizophrenia. The initial prevention of the disease may be provided by the use of antipsychotic drugs in combination with social and psychological support. The community also produces support for providing checkup in all available in all health care system. Clozapine, amisulpride and other available drugs etc. are associated in producing side effects. Thus, a pharmacist also helps in providing replacement over the normal drugs by introducing a number of psychosocial interventions, which includes introduction of family therapy, cognitive recommendation, supported employment of staffs and proper medical therapies. Family therapy helps in providing education, which helps in addressing the entire system of the family that reduces relapses and hospitalizations. Cognitive behavioral theory also assists in reducing the symptoms associated and helps in promoting effective research methods (Agid et al. 2010). Thus, pharmacists help in preparing care plan and includes counseling, education, advice and monitoring of parameters that influences the lifestyle, social and consideration of ethical issues. Pharmacists shall also need to introduce strategies to abstain people from smoking and drinking because study estimates that 70%-90% people of regular smokers suffers from schizophrenia as compared to the overall solution (O'Reilly et al. 2010). Thus, the pharmacists play important role in the effective implementation of medical and care plans in order to promote growing concern about Schizophrenia. Schizophrenia is considered as mental disorder and characterized by failure to recognition of Real things and abnormal social behavior. The common symptoms of schizophrenia include confused thinking, reduced social engagement, false beliefs, lack of motivation, auditory hallucinations and emotional expression. It is observed that the occurrence of schizophrenia is almost equal in women and men. The management of schizophrenia includes social interventions, psychotherapy and drugs (Hazra et al. 2011). Therefore, it can be said that the role of a pharmacist in the treatment of schizophrenia is very important. The role of a pharmacist is to provide proper drugs and treatment to the patient in order to achieve specific outcomes, which can help in the improvement of the patients quality of lifestyle. Such outcomes are treatment of the disease, reduction and eradication of symptoms experienced by a patient, slowing down the progression of the disease and prevention of the disease. In schiz ophrenia disease, pharmacists play a key role since application of medicine to the schizophrenia is vital (Lane et al. 2010). The pharmacists need to cooperate with schizophrenia patients and other health care professionals in implementing, monitoring and designing a therapeutic process, which may produce better therapeutic outcomes for the schizophrenia patients. To aid the patients who are suffering from schizophrenia, pharmacists need to identify actual and potential problems that may be faced by them as well as resolving actual drug related issues. Prevention of drug related issues is important in the treatment of patients with schizophrenia, since many drugs are used for the treatment of schizophrenia, which have side effects and potentiality to harm the patient (Hoch, 2011). The exact cause of schizophrenia is not known. However, many researchers suggest many reasons behind the development of schizophrenia, such as genetics, physical, psychological and environmental factors (Lane et al. 2010). Apart from these factors, changes in the level of neurotransmitters, pregnancy and birth complications and several trigger factors such as stressful events, drug abuse and bereavement can cause schizophrenia among the common people. It is found from the research that only full psychiatric assessment can diagnose schizophrenia properly (INTO CPD, 2012). In general, there are seven types of schizophrenia diagnosed among the common people, such as hebephrenic schizophrenia, catatonic schizophrenia, paranoid schizophrenia, undifferentiated schizophrenia, simple schizophrenia and cenesthopathic schizophrenia (Schellack Matlala, 2014). Therefore, it is certain that there are different treatments used by the pharmacists and the health care experts to treat different typ es of schizophrenia. However, there are mainly two types of treatment can be provided by the pharmacists such as non-pharmacological treatment and pharmacological treatment. In non-pharmacological treatments, psycosocial and cognitive rehab can be suggested to the patient (INTO CPD, 2012). On the other hand, Clubhouse model-deinstitutionalization and supportive psychotherapy are essential to help the schizophrenia patients. However, it is observed that apart from all types of psychiatric therapy, family therapy is most helpful to treat a schizophrenia patient (Ried, 2010). Medication is considered as the cornerstone in the treatment of schizophrenia. However, the serious side effects of these drugs make the patients with schizophrenia reluctant to consume the medicines (Schellack Matlala, 2014). Therefore, the pharmacists need to implement proper intervention for each unique patient and insist him or her to consume proper medicine in correct doses. It is found that antipsychotics drugs are used as first line treatment of schizophrenia disease. These medicines are used as a short-term treatment to control psychotic symptoms such as delusions, disorganized thinking, hallucinations etc. most of the pharmacists commonly used these antipsychotic medicines to treat schizophrenia (WANG YANG, 2012). These drugs are used to control symptoms of schizophrenia by affecting the brain neurotransmitters, serotonin and dopamine. The pharmacists need to convince the schizophrenia patients to consumer their medicines by following the prescription (Guevremont et al. 20 11). If a pharmacist fails to convince patient to consume the medicine pills, then he need to implement other methods to help the patient, such as giving injection of the drugs instead of medicine pills. In addition, it is the duty of a pharmacist to monitor the condition of a patient after administration of medicine. It is found that administration of some medicine may cause agitation to the patient, in that case the pharmacists can administer benzodiazepine (such as lorazepam), which may be administered with the combination of antipsychotic drugs (O'Reilly et al. 2013). The first generation medications such as chlorpromazine, fluphenazine, haloperidol and perphenazine has potential and frequent neurological side effects, which include the possible development of movement disorder, which may not be reversible. These medicines are still available in the market in cheaper rate than the new medicines (Hoch, 2011). The new, second generation medications are now mostly preferred by the pharmacists because lower risks of side effects than first generation antipsychotic medications. These second generation of medicines are paliperidone (invega), ziprasidone (geodon), iloperidone (Fanapt), asenapine (Saphris), aripiprazole (Abilify), lurasidone (Latuda), risperidone (risperdal), Clozapine (Clozaril), quetiapine (seroquel) and olanzapine (Zyprexa) (Fatima et al. 2011). There are 100 trillion neurons in the human brain, which lose, as the body grew older. However, psychotropic medications affect these neurotransmitters. Some of the drugs mainly target dopamane rgic neurons and they used as dopamine blockers. These drugs are also harmful since they affect nigrostriatal tract and mesolimbic tract. Apart from these the use of conventional antipsychotics can cause akathesia (uncontrolled restlessness), Parkinsonism (shuffling gait, masked faces tremor, and stiffness), dystonic reactions (such as muscle spasms, usually neck, tongue, back and eyes) (Ashton Todd, 2014). Therefore, the uses of atypical agents are increasing among the pharmacists. The reason of increasing use of atypical agents is its efficacy. These atypical agents do not affect nigrostriatal tract, as much-less EPS. However, these atypical agents could affect mesocortical and mesolimbic tracts. Therefore, while choosing an atypical agent a pharmacist need to consider several factors such as side effect profile of an agent, any absolute contraindications or medical risks, etc. On the other hand, pharmacists also need to take care of drug to drug interactions (Burghart, 2013). Ho wever, another factor also needs to be considered while prescribing a drug is cost. In addition, while prescribing drugs for the patient doctors prescription and patients insurance need to be consider. Risperidone was first introduced in 1993 and should be administrated above 6 mg daily. Weight gain, high prolactin and sedation are the most common side effects of this drug (Phan VandenBerg, 2012). Olanzipine is also used to treat schizophrenia, which is very sedating and responsible for weight gain. Quetiapine is also used, which is very sedating, moderate for weight gain and used in low doses for sleep-off label (O'Reilly et al. 2013). Ziprasidone was first introduced in the market in 2001; this drug can be administered to the patient intravenously. This drug is also used against acute agitation. This is also helpful to lower the incidence of metabolic syndrome (Ashton Todd, 2014). When it is found that doctors are not doing their job properly, the pharmacists need to take over the condition. They need to assess the conditions of the patients health and then prescribe medicine to them (Fatima et al. 2011). In addition, they need to educate the patient and the family about the schizophrenia and the benefit of proper medication. To resolve the patients problems, pharmacists need to recommend the patient for psychological assessment as well as other tests (Roller Gowan, 2012). If the patient is feeling other problems, such as muscle cramping, eyesight problem, etc. then the pharmacists need to reduce the doses of medicine or change the medicine if necessary (Burghart, 2013). It is found that clozapine, a common drug used to treat Schizophrenia can cause constipation, sleepiness, blurred vision, dizziness, tiredness and headache (WANG YANG, 2012). Therefore, pharmacists need to change this drug and suggest another drug to patient in order to avoid these complicat ions. Sometimes, it is found that patients who are suffering from Schizophrenia, are submitted into the mental hospital and for their safety the authority lock them in prison (Guevremont et al. 2011). However, this is not the right way to treat a patient with Schizophrenia disease (Phan VandenBerg, 2012). Therefore, a pharmacist needs to interfere in this treatment process. Pharmacists need to take care of the situation by communicating with the patients family as well as with the doctors who are involved in the treatment procedure of that patient. In addition, they also need to talk with the patient and convince him or her for psychological treatment (Hazra et al. 2011). Use of medicine is a cornerstone in the treatment of Schizophrenia patient, however, medicine should be used in minimum doses, since the medicines used in the treatment of Schizophrenia patients have major side effects. A pharmacist plays a central role in providing patient education. One of the leading reports suggests that individuals suffering from schizophrenia tend to be very loyal to the healthcare provider (reference). The primary healthcare provider in addition to the psychiatrist involves the pharmacist. Pharmacists educate patients regarding the benefit of the basic medication purpose associated with Schizophrenia. Pharmacist also enlists their assistance in proper monitoring of the improvement process (Hoch et al. 2011). Pharmacists help in discussing about other suitable therapeutic strategies with the patients and the physician in order to provide highest beneficial effect from the corresponding treatment. Patients need be made aware regarding the potential risks in terms of using the antipsychotic drugs that includes sexual dysfunctioning, elevation of the prolactin level and hormonal imbalance. In context to the viewpoint of the pharmacists, patients suffering from schizophrenia need to have a detailed and clear knowledge regarding the optimal dose of the widely available psychotic drugs. Excessive use of these drugs may also lead to worsening of the present condition, which may be termed as a method of drug abuse. In recent day technology, pharmacists are involving strategies for initiating active participation of the patient in improving their own health condition and care (Agid et al. 2010). The pharmacists also emphasize to raise the standards of the treatment methods for providing better medication and care to improve the functioning of the patients. Finally, the end goal treatment of all medication technology involves the improvement of the patients functioning not only in term s of symptomatic improvement of several hallucinations and delusions but also the overall involvement of patients entire mental and physical condition. Pharmacists also provide an instruction regarding the flow of the necessary drug information between the primary mode of care and the psychiatry method of intervention that would provide a larger area to improve the overall health condition and well being of the schizophrenic patient. In accordance with the present essay, we can conclude that Schizophrenia is one of the most common mental disorders that are characterized by a large number of symptoms including false beliefs, confused thinking and delusions. The present essay also provides information regarding the effective role of the pharmacists in association with implementation of proper and important medical care plan to the individuals suffering from Schizophrenia. The essay also provides a clear idea regarding definition of the and background history of the present topic which primarily emphasizes on the high ratio of people suffering from the disease, mortality rate with the disease and the specific problems associated in terms of people with different age groups. The role of pharmacists in context to the present topic provides information regarding the disease pathophysiology, management and various kinds of medicine formulation that provides proper patient care in terms of social advice and ethical value (Crump et al. 2011). The role of pharmacists in the specific management of the disease includes understanding of the pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment given in different doses for providing proper medical treatment to the individuals suffering from Schizophrenia. References: Agid, O., Foussias, G., Remington, G. (2010). Long-acting injectable antipsychotics in the treatment of schizophrenia: their role in relapse prevention.Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy,11(14), 2301-2317. Ashton, M., Todd, A. (2014). Current research and development of new treatments for schizophrenia.Gene therapy,14, 32. Burghart, S. M. (2013). Antipsychotic polypharmacy and Joint Commission quality measures: Implications to the psychiatric pharmacist.Mental Health Clinician,3(1), 10-12. Crump, K., Boo, G., Liew, F. S., Olivier, T., So, C., Sung, J. Y., ... Wheeler, A. (2011). New Zealand community pharmacists' views of their roles in meeting medicine-related needs for people with mental illness.Research in social and administrative pharmacy,7(2), 122-133. Fatima, A., Barkat, U., Mahmood, K. T., Zaka, M. (2011). Schizophrenia in elderly patients.Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 3 (1), 952-960. Guevremont, C., Sablier, J., Vincent, P., Lum, M., Tranulis, C., Emmanuel, M. V. (2011). DoPill, an electronic pill dispenser, helping control medication adherence in patients with schizophrenia.International Clinical Psychopharmacology,26, e83. Haywood, A., Llewelyn, V., Robertson, S., Mylrea, M., Glass, B. (2011). Dose administration aids: Pharmacists role in improving patient care.The Australasian medical journal,4(4), 183. Hazra, M., Uchida, H., Sproule, B., Remington, G., Suzuki, T., Mamo, D. C. (2011). Impact of feedback from pharmacists in reducing antipsychotic polypharmacy in schizophrenia.Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences,65(7), 676-678. Hoch, M. A. (2011). The pharmacist's role in mental health. Hoch, M. A., Ott, C. A., Hudmon, K. S., Plake, K. S. (2011). Attitudes of individuals with schizophrenia toward pharmacists.Journal of the American Pharmacists Association: JAPhA,52(6), 783-786. INTO, S. G. B. N. L., CPD, R. O. S. U. S. (2012). Issues of adherence and substitution in schizophrenia.AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY,93. Lane, H. Y., Lin, C. H., Huang, Y. J., Liao, C. H., Chang, Y. C., Tsai, G. E. (2010). A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled comparison study of sarcosine (N-methylglycine) and D-serine add-on treatment for schizophrenia.International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology,13(4), 451-460. O'Reilly, C. L., Bell, J. S., Chen, T. F. (2010). Consumer-led mental health education for pharmacy students.American journal of pharmaceutical education,74(9). O'Reilly, C. L., Bell, J. S., Kelly, P. J., Chen, T. F. (2013). Exploring the relationship between mental health stigma, knowledge and provision of pharmacy services for consumers with schizophrenia.Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy. O'Reilly, C. L., Simon Bell, J., Chen, T. F. (2010). Pharmacists beliefs about treatments and outcomes of mental disorders: a mental health literacy survey.Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry,44(12), 1089-1096. Phan, S. V., VandenBerg, A. M. (2012). Financial impact of a pharmacist-managed clinic for long-acting injectable antipsychotics.American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy,69(12), 1014-1015. Phokeo, V., Sproule, B., Raman-Wilms, L. (2014). Community pharmacists' attitudes toward and professional interactions with users of psychiatric medication.Psychiatric Services. Richard, M. D., Brahm, N. C. (2012). Schizophrenia and the immune system: pathophysiology, prevention, and treatment.American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy,69(9), 757-766. Richardson, T. E., OReilly, C. L., Chen, T. F. (2014). A comprehensive review of the impact of clinical pharmacy services on patient outcomes in mental health.International journal of clinical pharmacy,36(2), 222-232. Ried, L. D. (2010). Cost containment and schizophrenia, patient satisfaction, and medicationinformation.Journal of the American Pharmacists Association,50(5), 664-664. Roller, L., Gowan, J. (2012). Disease state management: The psychosis: Schizophrenia. Schellack, N., Matlala, M. (2014). Providing an overview of antipsychotic drugs: is schizophrenia a psychiatric challenge?: review.SA Pharmaceutical Journal,81(4), 28-30. WANG, B., YANG, K. B. (2012). Investigation of Effects of Pharmacists Participating in the Follow-up of Schizophrenia Patients on Compliance of Patients.China Pharmacy,4, 008. Wheeler, A., Crump, K., Lee, M., Li, L., Patel, A., Yang, R., ... Jensen, M. (2012). Collaborative prescribing: A qualitative exploration of a role for pharmacists in mental health.Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy,8(3), 179-192.